Legend about the lake "Marіcheyka"

There is an interesting legend about picturesque the mountain lake Maricheyka that on the massif Chornohora in the Ukrainian Carpathians. And there was all this as the legend narrates, in an extreme antiquity. Once black carrion crows angry foes on the green and blossoming Carpathian region flew. They destroyed villages, lost the people and who escaped, escaping, went far to mountains. But enemies learned that Huzuls disappear somewhere in the dense woods, and moved a horde after them.

Maricheyka, the young wife of the shepherd Ivan, saw enemies and persuaded the husband to go and warn people. But enemies found Maricheyka and ordered to conduct to Huzuls. And the courageous woman brought them in such wild and solitudes from where and not to be chosen. Enemies became angry snatched on it. The earth began to tremble, terrible wind blew, burst a thunder... Also stones flew up into the sky, mountains moved and the lake was formed. Enemies also found the death in it. Since then the wood in honor of brave girls began to call Maiden, and the lake - Maricheyki.


www.discoverukraine.com.ua source

Kievan Rus' PART TWO

Political and management system of Kievan Rus'. The political and management system of Kievan Rus' was based on princely druzhinnom the device for continuous preservation of self-government institutions of city and rural communities. Communities united in the volost - administrative and territorial units which included the cities and rural districts. Groups of volosts united to lands. Kievan Rus' was created as the individual monarchy. The grand duke Kiev which concentrated all completeness of the legislative, executive, judicial and military power in the hands was the head of the state. Advisers to the prince were "princely men" from a top of his team who received the voivode's title, and from 11th century they were called boyars. Over time there were dynasties of the boyars holding important state positions.
Internal government was exercised by numerous princely managers (posadnik, tysyatsky, butlers, tiuna, etc.). The princely power leaned on the constant military organization - a team. Druzhinnikam-posadnikam certain volosts, the cities and lands were charged in management. The national militia was formed by the decimal principle. Were at the head of separate divisions the foreman, sotsky, tysyatsky. "Thousand" made a military administrative unit. In the 12-13th centuries the form of the state changed. The relations between certain principalities developed on the principles of federation or confederation.
Social structure of Kievan Rus'. The social structure of Kievan Rus' answered its economic system. The ascendent position was held by voivodes (boyars), tysyatsky, sotsky, tiuna, the ognishchena, rural heads, a city top. The free category of rural producers was called smerda, is feudal the dependent population in Kievan Rus' there were ryadovich, purchases and derelicts. Lackeys and servants were on position of slaves.
Political dissociation of Kievan Rus' and its consequence. Kievan Rus' was one of the powerful states of the time that considerably influenced development of European civilization, however after the death of the son Vladimir Monomakh Mstislav of Vladimirovich (1132) it began to lose the political unity and was divided into 15 principalities and lands. Among them and influential the Kiev, Chernihiv, Vladimiro-Suzdalsky, Novgorod, Smolensk, Polotsk and Galitsky principalities were large.
Political prerequisites of dissociation were such:
- the succession to the throne among princes of Kievan Rus' was a miscellaneous: in one lands the power was delegated from the father to the son, in others - from the elder brother to younger;
- political connections between separate feudal possession and certain lands were weakened, development of certain lands led to emergence of local separatism;
- in certain lands the local nobility for ensuring protection of the rights demanded the strong power of the prince; with another - the real power of specific princes and boyars amplified, the power of the Kiev prince was weakened, many boyars put local interests above nation-wide;
- in the Kiev principality own dynasty as for possession of Kiev representatives of all princely childbirth combated wasn't created;
- expansion of nomads on Russian lands amplified.
Social and economic prerequisites of dissociation:
- the natural nature of economy of the Kiev state led to weakening of economic, commercial relations between certain lands;
- promptly the cities which became the political, economic and cultural centers of principalities developed;
- transformation of conditional land tenure of specific nobility in hereditary considerably strengthened an economic role of the local nobility who didn't wish to share the power;
- change of a trade environment owing to what Kiev lost a role of the center of trade, and Western Europe began to trade directly with a close descent.
Modern researches of scientists prove that feudal dissociation is a natural stage in development of medieval society. That circumstance that all people and the states of Europe endured it also testifies to it. Dissociation was caused by further feudalization of Old Russian society, distribution of social and economic development on places. If earlier Kiev was the center of all socioeconomic, political, cultural and ideological life of the country, then from the middle of the 12th century other centers already competed to it: old - Novgorod, Smolensk, Polotsk - and new - Vladimir - on - Klyazma and Galich.
Russia was torn apart by princely civil strifes, big and little wars, constantly went between feudal lords. However contrary to popular belief the Old Russian State didn't break up. It only changed a form: to the place of the individual monarchy the monarchy federal at which Russia the group of the most influential and strong princes in common ruled came. Historians call such way of government of "collective sovereignty".
Dissociation weakened the state politically, but promoted development of economy and culture on places. It, to a certain extent, laid the foundation of three East Slavic nationalities: Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian. The period the termination of dissociation on East Slavic lands it is considered to be the last decades of the 15th century when it was formed the Russian centralized State, and the Ukrainian and Belarusian lands got under the power of Lithuania, Poland, Hungary and Moldova.
8. Value of Kievan Rus'. Value of Kievan Rus' consists in the following:
a) Kievan Rus' became the first state of east Slavs, accelerated development of the last stage of development of a primitive-communal system into more progressive feudal; this process created favorable conditions for development of economy and culture; M. Grushevsky claimed: "Kievan Rus' is the first form of the Ukrainian statehood";
b) formation of Kievan Rus' promoted strengthening of defense capability of the East Slavic population, having prevented its physical destruction from nomads (Pechenegs, Cumans, etc.);
c) the Old Russian nationality on the basis of a community of the territory, language, culture, a mental warehouse was created;
d) Kievan Rus' lifted authority of east Slavs on Europe; the international value of Kievan Rus' consists that it affected political events and the international relations in Europe and Asia, in the Middle East; the Russian princes supported political, economic, dynastic connections with France, Sweden, England, Poland, Hungary, Norway, Byzantium;
e) Kievan Rus' laid the foundation for statehood not only the Slavic, but also non Slavic people (the Finno-Ugrian population of the North and др...);
e) Kievan Rus' acted as east outpost of the European Christian world, it constrained advance of hordes of steppe nomads, weakened their impact to Byzantium and the countries of Central Europe.

During the historical period of Kievan Rus' to the Dnieper Bank, in Galichina and on Volyna, in Black Sea Coast and Priazovye traditions of independent statehood in the territory of Ukraine were put. The territory of Kyivshchyna, Pereyaslavshchina, Chernigovo-Sivershchina, Podoliya, Galicia and Volhynia was the historic center of formation of the Ukrainian nationality. From 12th century in this territory the name "Ukraine" extends. In the course of disintegration of the Kiev state the Ukrainian nationality became an ethnic basis of lands principalities of Southwest Russia in the 12-14th centuries: Kiev, Pereyaslavsky, Chernihiv, Seversk, Galitsky, Volynsk. So, Kievan Rus' was a form of social and economic and state development of the Ukrainian ethnos. The direct successor of Kievan Rus' became Galitsko-Volynsky the knyazhestvo.evropeysky Christian world, it constrained advance of hordes of steppe nomads, weakened their impact to Byzantium and the countries of Central Europe.

Part One - https://independentukraine1991.blogspot.com/b/post-preview?token=eoURn1gBAAA.ziEToD-rN7YPMJ7DiECxwv567LyfbAcPHTNKN3wNGy3kh1DoAGDzpSBGEPJvW5Ae97jD2DYm7-_LrAztVCeaVw.6-D8WVifvnhGQIw9xQV2XA&postId=3436435801381201883&type=POST

International day of information security

This day is celebrated on November 30 since 1988. This year the first mass computer epidemic after which experts began to think of an integrated approach to support of information security was recorded.

The mass attack of a virus of "worm" received the name by name the creator - Morris. Then 6000 nodes of the ARPANET network - predecessors of the Internet were infected that caused damage in 96 million dollars.

The author of a virus would be found hardly, however the father, the computer expert of National security agency forced to admit deeds of the graduate student of Cornell University Robert Morris it. Considering the softening circumstances, Morris was sentenced to three years of prison conditionally, to four hundred hours of public operations and to a fine of 10 500 dollars.

In 1988 the American association of a computer hardware declared on November 30 in the International afternoon ​​ information security (Computer Security Day). Since then in this the international conferences on information security accompanied with the mass of interesting actions are held.

Remember that your safety on the Internet depends only on you. Don't forget to update anti-virus programs, to use fire-walls (Firewall) and hard to determine passwords which don't report at all. Also be especially vigilant by operation on computers public. safety.

Legend of a mudflow "Long" Zakarpatye

The village Long is located in 28 km from Irshava, on river banks of Borzhava. First written mentions of the settlement of Gossumezo (угорс. Hosszúmez ő) belong before 1383. This name is translated from Ukrainian as "the Long Field" or Dolgopola. On a legend, such name is connected with a name of the local hero Dovgai.



Very long time ago the settlement was attacked by Tatars, plundered and killed people. Subsequently in the village the strong and bystry guy by the name of Dovgay grew up. Once during the Tatar attack of Dovgay began to throw into enemies of a tree as stones. Enemies were surprised with force of Dovgai, decided to receive a victory cunning and offered fight with the Tatar Kyzyl. Conditions of fight were such: if the victory is won by Dovgay - that enemies never to attack the village and if the Tatar wins - all this peasants will give in without a fight. The victory in fight was won by Dovgay, and the lost Kyzyl was spread on the earth. Birds carried a body on the mountains and there bushes with red-brown fruits of a cornel appeared. Here so, in the territory of Dovgy, Priborzhavsky and Lisichev the cornel grows. Peasants are grateful for a victory Dovgai granted the right to accept lands so much how many it will be able to bypass in a day. The young man climbed down a mountain the Mumps and in a day a run rather big territory and lodged on the plain. Subsequently still people who founded the village in the valley of the river Borzhava came from mountains. And the village began to call in honor of Dovgai - Long.


www.discoverukraine.com.ua source

The ancient palace Galaganov in Sokirintsakh

      The patrimonial nest known Cossack starchiskogo sorts Galaganov remained till our time in an excellent state and is the most characteristic example of palace and local architecture of Left-bank Ukraine of the end of XVII - the beginnings of the 19th century. There is this pearl of architecture in the picturesque settlement of Sokirintsy of Sribnyansky district on Chernihivshchyna.

       The palace in Sokirintsakh was built in 1823-1829 by order of the Prilutsky colonel Pavel Grigoryevich Galagan occurring from ancient Cossack старшинского, and subsequently and a noble sort. The famous Ukrainian architect Pavel Andreevich Dubrovsky was engaged in development of an architectural palace complex. The empire majestic stone palace on 60 rooms served as the entertaining residence of a family Galaganov. Magnificently dressed and artly issued complex was one of the richest and beautiful manors of the time. To a palace and park complex, except the palace, also the belltower, two churches, office wings, numerous economic constructions and stables, a greenhouse with greenhouses belonged.

      Around the palace the Sokirinsky park in the English style was created, now it is a monument of landscape gardening art of the state value. The scientist-gardener from Saxony I. E. Bisterfeld whom Pavel Galagan enticed from the relative count Miloradovich from the Lokhvitsky county was engaged in the landscape project of the park. In the village of Voronki, in a count manor Miloradovichey, Bisterfeld parted surprising beauty a garden and when Pavel Galagan saw that garden, understood what park he wants to create in Sokirintsyakh. Since 1923 Bisterfeld already disposed in Galagan's manor. And to swing to the gardener was where - the old park with oaks giants on 300 and more years and 600 more tithes of the virgin forest over the river a duck further to the south, till the most Romensky way.

     Bisterfeld broke the park of 40 hectares, constantly changed as a result of natural changes. But in 1826 the gardener died and Bisterfeld's work was continued by gardeners Redel, then Christiania. Actually construction of the park dragged on for the whole century, that is for all the time while the estate had the real owners. In the last Czech Yanichek and German Pfeyffer and the remarkable expert, the local talented gardener Efim Gapon were gardeners.

     Now in park vegetation more than 40 breeds of trees enter. A highlight of the park is the Shevchenkovsky ash-tree - the oldest tree of a garden complex. The landscape of the Sokirinsky park supplements the original rotunda, a well, bridges and other various sculptures is kept. The general landscape composition of the park is supplemented by the picturesque pond which is in the course of the river of the Duck. One of the most beautiful places of the park is the glade with steep slopes under the name "Sacred Valley". The Shevchenkovsky ash-tree - the oldest tree of the park is one more feature of Sokirinsky the park. It is considered that under this maple the well-known words of Shevchenko were written "Water from under a poplar, a ravine on the valley flows..."

      The palace Galaganov, is often called "the Ukrainian Parnassus", here outstanding cultural figures and arts - Taras Shevchenko, Lev Zhemchuzhnikov, Nikolay Lysenko, Ostap Veresay and others were frequent guests. At the estate the serf chorus and theater acted. Today the palace Galaganov attracts travelers the unique architecture and landscape works around himself.

      Now Galaganov is in the Palace Sokirinsky professional agrarian lyceum as if other place across all Chernihivshchyna wasn't. It is somehow strange and inappropriate that in the Ukrainian historical monuments and unique architectural complexes there are educational institutions. Why in Versailles or Louvre didn't create either colleges, or lyceums, these magnificent palaces became the world cultural and historical property and a tourist mecca.


sourse - http://www.discoverukraine.com.ua

3 the fact about Ukraine/ Part Three

Ukrainian "Sahara"

Oleshkovsky sands are often called Ukrainian Sahara. The area of sands which were stretched in the territory of several districts of the Kherson region makes more than 160 thousand hectares that does them by the biggest desert of Europe. Oleshkovsky sands are well visible from space. Photos from social networks often call Oleshkovsky sands Ukrainian Sahara the Fauna is presented about 1 thousand by species of insects, 5 species of reptiles, tens of bird species. There are both wild boars, and wolves, and pheasants. But the most interesting is the fact that here the largest groups of a jerboa-emuranchika live.

The biggest drawn flag of Ukraine

The embankment on Obolon in Kiev is decorated now by a huge hundred-meter flag. At the beginning of June, 2014 it was drawn by locals. The total area of a flag makes 1700 square meters. As organizers speak, there was many work. At first they had to clear a concrete slope of a grass, to cover holes but only then to begin to paint it. On a huge flag left half-tons of yellow and blue paint.

World famous Christmas song

Shchedrik — the Christmas Ukrainian national song which received the world popularity in musical processing of Nikolay Leontovich who wrote it in 1916. In English it is known under the name "Carol of the Bells". The song was heard in many foreign movies. For example, in all the favourite movie "Home Alone" it is one of the most important soundtracks. Besides, numerous covers of Shchedrik gain the improbable number of viewings on YouTube.

Princess Olga/ Part One

Princess Olga (~ 890-11 July 969) – The great Princess Kiev, the wife of the Grand Duke Igor Ryurikovich after whose death, ruled Russia behind the early childhood of their son Svyatoslav. The name of the Princess Olga is in a source of the Russian history, and is connected with the greatest events of the basis of the first dynasty, with the first statement in Russia of Christianity and striking traits of the western civilization. After death the simple people called it cunning, church – the Saint, history - wise.

    According to the earliest Old Russian chronicle "Story of Temporary Years", the Saint grand duchess Olga equal to the apostles, in a sacred baptism Elena, came from a family of Gostomysl on the advice of which Varangians were called to reign in Novgorod, was born in the Pskov earth, in the village of Vybuty, in a pagan family from a dynasty of princes Izborsky.

In 903 she became the spouse of the grand duke Kiev Igor. After murder of the prince in 945 by the risen Drevlyans, the widow who didn't wish to marry, assigned to herself a burden of the state service at the three-year-old son Svyatoslav. The grand duchess became history as a great sozidatelnitsa of the state life and culture of Kievan Rus'.

In 954 the princess Olga for the purpose of a religious pilgrimage and diplomatic mission went to Tsargrad where with honor it was accepted by the emperor Konstantin VII Bagryanorodny. It was struck by greatness of Christian temples and the shrines collected in them.



    The sacrament of baptism over it was made by the Patriarch Constantinople Feofilakt, and the emperor became the godfather. The name to the Russian princess was named in honor of the Saint queen Elena who found the Lord's Cross. The patriarch blessed the novokreshchenny princess with the cross which is cut out from an integral piece of the Lord's Life-giving tree with an inscription: "Be updated the Russian land by the Sacred Cross, it was accepted by Olga, the blessed princess".

Upon return from Byzantium Olga jealously bore a Christian christian message to pagans, began to erect the first Christian temples: for the sake of Saint Nikolay over a tomb of the first Kiev Christian prince Askold and Sacred Sofia in Kiev over a tomb of the prince Deere, the temple of the Annunciation in Vitebsk, - on the river bank Great she saw the temple for the sake of the Holy and Zhivonachalny Trinity in Pskov for which place, according to the chronicler, was specified by it from above "Luchem of the Trisiyatelny Deity" descending from the sky "three presvetlykh of a beam".


The Saint princess Olga in 969 on July 11 passed away (the Art. style), having bequeathed openly to make burial it Christianly. Its incorruptible relics were based in tithe church in Kiev.

Marriage with the prince Igor

and beginning of government of the princess Olga

    According to "The story of temporary years" Prophetic Oleg married Igor Ryurikovich who began to govern independently since 912 to Olga in 903 that is when she already was 12 years old. This date is called in question as, according to the Ipatyevsky list of same "Story", their son Svyatoslav was born only in 942.

The legend calls Olga's homeland the village of Vybuty near Pskov, up the river Great. Olga's Saint narrates life that here her meeting with future spouse for the first time took place.

The young prince hunted "in the field of Pskov" and, wishing to get over through the river Great, saw "certain floating in the boat" and called up him to the coast. Having sailed from the coast in the boat, the prince found out that it the girl of surprising beauty is lucky.

Revenge of the princess Olga 

      Drevlyans after Igor's murder sent to his widow Olga of matchmakers to call her in marriage for the prince Mal. The princess consistently dealt shortly with elders of Drevlyans, and then resulted the people of Drevlyans in humility. The Old Russian chronicler in detail states Olga's revenge for the death of the husband:

1st revenge of the princess Olga: Matchmakers, 20 Drevlyans, arrived in a castle which Kiev residents carried and was thrown into a deep hole outside by Olga's towers. Matchmakers ambassadors were dug alive together with a castle.
And, having inclined to a hole, Olga asked them: Whether "Honor is good to you?". They answered: "Is more bitter to us than Igorevy death". Also enjoined to fill up them live; also filled up them.

2nd revenge: Olga asked to send for respect for it new ambassadors from the best husbands, as with hunting was executed by Drevlyans. The embassy from notable Drevlyans was burned in a bath while those washed, preparing for a meeting with the princess.

The princess Olga meets a body of the prince Igor
"The princess Olga meets a body of the prince Igor" V. I. Surikov's Sketch, 1915


3rd revenge: The princess with a small team arrived to lands of Drevlyans that on custom to celebrate a funeral feast on the husband's grave. Having hocused during the funeral feast of Drevlyans, Olga ordered to cut them. The chronicle reports about 5 thousand interrupted Drevlyans.

4th revenge: In 946 Olga contacted with army in a campaign Drevlyans. According to the Novgorod First chronicle the Kiev team won against Drevlyans fight. Olga walked on the Drevlyansky earth, established tributes and taxes then returned to Kiev. In PVL the chronicler made insert in the text of the Initial arch about a siege of the drevlyansky capital of Iskorostenya. On PVL after an unsuccessful siege during the summer Olga burned the city by means of birds to whose legs ordered to tie the lit tow with sulfur. A part of defenders Iskorostenya were killed, the others obeyed. The similar legend of burning of the city by means of birds is stated also by Sakson Grammatik (the 12th century) in its compilation of oral Danish legends about feats of Vikings and skaldy by Snorri Sturluson.

After punishment of Drevlyans Olga began to rule Kievan Rus' to Svyatoslav's majority, but also after that she remained the actual governor as her son the most part of time was absent in military campaigns.

Trembita - soul of the Karpat

The Huzul trembita which signal is heard on distance more than 10 km is included in the Guinness Book of Records as the longest wind instrument

Trembita - the ancient wind mundshtuchnykh a musical instrument. The trembita reminds a peculiar cone-shaped wooden pipe without valves or gates, up to 3 m long and with a diameter of 30 mm that increases in a bell. Sound height in a trembita depends at most air inflations. The trembita has a natural sound row, and range it reaches three octaves. Its signal is heard on distance more than 10 km.

The trembita is included in the Guinness Book of Records as the longest in the world a wind musical instrument. Interesting the fact that there are unique copies up to 8 m long!

   The trembita was used by various ethnic groups of the Carpathians: boykovets, Huzuls, lemk, bukovinets. And the trembita got the greatest distribution in Gutsulshchina. It was the alarm tool and the only means of communication of the shepherd with the village. For a long time the tradition sounds of trembitas remained to report about the first exit of the cattle to mountain pastures, to give start of plotogon of the mountain rivers, about the birth of the child or approach of a wedding. And often trembitar gave a sad message about death someone from mountain inhabitants.

In ancient times when in Huzul villages there was no communication communication, by means of trembitas reported about approach of the enemy. Patrol at tops of mountains as on relay, the friend through the friend special prearranged signals warned the population from what party and how far there is an enemy on the village. Quite often the sound of a trembita helped hunters or travelers to orient with the mountains which got lost during bad weather.

Sounds of a trembita informed on the beginning and the termination of the working day. Also senior "Potrembach", became facing the sun and watched when its shadow connects to its growth that meant the beginning in lunch time

    By long tradition the trembita was made of a lightning - a tree to which the lightning got. The age of a tree has to reach 120-150 years. It is considered that than there will longer be a lightning under the sun, the longer it to obvivatinut winds, the more loudly and more loudly there will be a trembita. Presently in Gutsulshchina metal folding sometimes meet ram which easier and to create also trasportuvata.

Now the trembita is used only as unique musical ethnographic maintenance at various festivals, Huzul holidays and ancient ceremonies among mountaineers. It is possible to tell that it is almost only ambushyurny tool which remained and didn't lose the value in musical life in the west of Ukraine.

Ostersund 2016. Results of single mixed relay

In Ostersunda at the first World Cup stage the single mixed relay came to the end.

Favourites of a race were known even long before announcement of starting lineup. While most of teams delegated the main forces to traditional mixed relay, teams of France and Austria of the best representatives sent to a single mikst. And considering that at French it is Martin Fourcade and Mari Doran-Habert, the destiny of the first place was predetermined.

And it happened: French, being in the lead on the course of all race, brought the matter to a convincing victory. Both the second place of the Austrian team, and the third of the German duet are so logical. And here surprises went further: owners of a stage pleasantly surprised in the first day of the World Cup, having participated in a flower ceremony of both mixed relays. Wolfgang Pichler does miracles with this team :) Also the fifth position usually not enough stars the sky of Kazakhstan isn't less surprising.

And here the Ukrainian children pleasantly couldn't surprise. Though at the beginning of the race our team was an owner of the best firing in a race: the first substitute boss Irina Varvynets used only in the sixth firing line! But by that moment Ukrainians lost nearly one and a half minutes – the course both Ira, and her workmate in a race Alexander Zhirny looked much more weakly than rivals. Children with quite decent indicator of accuracy five spare cartridges, but only on the ninth position finished a race.

After the first competitive day Ukraine takes the tenth place in the Cup of the nations. And now the main hopes of the Ukrainian athletes and fans in Ostersunda are connected with personal starts. The first of such races, individual at women, will pass next Wednesday.

1. France France (0+4) 35:43.5
2. Austria Austria (0+6) +16.0
3. Germany Germany (0+5) +25.2
4. Sweden Sweden (0+8) +1:20.8
5. Kazakhstan Kazakhstan (0+8) +1:28.8
6. Switzerland Switzerland (0+3) +1:39.3
7. Canada Canada (0+7) +1:44.7
8. Russia Russia (1+9) +1:59.8
9. Ukraine Ukraine (0+5) +2:26.9

Ostersund 2016. Results of mixed relay /BIATHLON

      The national team of Norway which behind clear advantage won the mixed relay opening the program of the first World Cup stage in Ostersunda became the first winner of a season 2016/17 in the World Cup. Marte Olsbu and Fanny Hurn Birkland provided stay of the Scandinavian team in group of leaders, and the male part of team this time presented by two generations: Ule-Aynar Bjoerndalen and Johannes Bø – issued a victory with more than semi-minute advantage!

On same uncontested the second the place the team of Germany finished, and here in the acute fight for bronze Dominique Vindish was more successful finisher, than Anton Shipulin also brought to team of Italy the place on a podium!

For the national team of Ukraine the race turned out nervous and uneven. Anastasia Merkushina debuting in the mikstakh at the level of the World Cup in a lezhka didn't master wind and nervousness a little and after two spare cartridges was rolled away in the end of the second ten. Further the self-control didn't change Nastya and she could pass the baton the 14th.

        The first boundary became fatal and for the most titled participant of today's Ukrainian relay. Juliya Jima from eight shots closed only three targets and after two circles of a penalty left the 20th again. And again, as if under a carbon paper, heroic efforts to distances and ideal work on a rack output the command for the 13th position.

The third stage, by recognition of the president of Federation of biathlon of Ukraine Vladimir Brynzak, caused the greatest fears. But Artem Pryma carried out the piece greatly, having limited to only one substitute boss, having returned team to fight for ten the strongest. And Dmitry Pidruchnyi brought this fight to the 10th final place though it was noticeable by the course of a stage that the captain of men's team is still far from the optimum standards. However, the same Vladimir Brynzak expected possible difficulties in connection with acclimatization after flight from Canada where the male part of team carried out final early collecting.

       In general, the mixed relay once again confirmed that this type of the program, unfortunately, isn't crown for our national team that doesn't cancel need to break such unsuccessful tendency in the future. For now we congratulate athletes and fans on long-awaited start of a season in the World Cup! Also we will believe in more successful continuation.

1. Norway Norway (0+6) 1:10:57
2. Germany Germany (0+6) +33.7
3. Italy Italy (1+12) +44.2
4. Russia Russia (0+5) +44.5
5. France France (1+10) +1:13.3
6. Sweden Sweden (1+10) +1:20.9
7. Czech Republic Czech Republic (1+8) +1:20.9
8. USA OF THE USA (2+11) +2:38.5
9. Switzerland Switzerland (2+13) +2:48.3
10. Ukraine Ukraine (2+9) +2:52.2

Brothers. Last confession

Two Huzul brothers all life divided everything: mother, toys, the right to be called the best, one woman, one son. But in their life there was an event after which they didn't talk with each other for 40 years. To their small provincial town there comes the writer who gives in the local monastery a lecture about Saints and foolishes. Among listeners — the elderly person whom call Voytko. The writer gradually enters Voytk's life and meets his brother. It becomes a link between two brothers whose meaning of life — in an antagonism: who will longer live and won't amuse the second the death.

Kievan Rus' PART ONE

In the history of Kievan Rus' it is possible to allocate three consecutive periods:

- the emergence period, both formation, and evolution of government institutions, chronologically covers the end of IX - the end of the 10th century;

- the period of the greatest rise and development of Kievan Rus' (the end of X - the middle of the 11th century)

- the period of political dissociation of Kievan Rus' (the end of XI - the middle of the 13th century).

Origin of the names "Kievan Rus'" and "Rus-Ukraine". The state of east Slavs was called Kievan Rus, or Rus-Ukraine. About an origin and a definition of the name "Russia" researchers have no consensus. There are several versions:

- rusam called tribes of Normans (Varangians) - they founded the state of Slavs and from them the name "Russian land" went; such theory arose in the 18th century in Germany and received the name "Norman", her authors are historians G. Bayer and G. Miller, call their followers and adherents normanist;

- rusa - the Slavic tribes living on average the Dnieper Current;

- Rus is an ancient Slavic deity from which there was a name of the state;

- a rusa - in praslavyansky the river language (from here and the name "course").

The Ukrainian historians in general adhere the antinormanskikh of views, though don't deny the significant contribution of Varangian princes and troops to formation of the political system of Kievan Rus'.

Russia, Russian land in their opinion:

- name of the territory of Kyivshchyna, Chernihivshchyna, Pereyaslavshchina (earth of glades, northerners, Drevlyans);

- the name of tribes which lived on coast of the rivers Ros, Rosava, Rostavitsya, Roska, etc.;

- the name of the Kiev state since 9th century.

The name "Ukraine" (the region, the region) means the territory which was a basis of Kievan Rus' in the 11-12th centuries. For the first time this term is used in the Kiev chronicle in 1187 concerning lands of the Southern Kyivshchyna and Pereyaslavshchina.

Emergence of Kievan Rus'. Before formation of the state in the territory of future Kievan Rus' lived:
a) East Slavic tribes - ancestors of Ukrainians - Drevlyans, a glade, northerners, the volynena (duliba), tiverets, white Croats;
b) East Slavic tribes - ancestors of Belarusians - a dregovicha, the polochena;
c) East Slavic tribes - ancestors of Russians - Krivichi, radimich, the slovena, residents of Vyatka.
Main prerequisites of formation of East Slavic statehood:
- for the beginning of the 8th century in general process of resettlement of Slavs and creation of territorially certain big and small unions of tribes came to the end;
- existence in the East Slavic unions of tribes of certain local distinctions in culture and life;
- gradual development of the unions of tribes into breeding principalities - the pre-state associations of higher level preceding emergence of the East Slavic state;
- formation at a boundary of the 8-9th century around Kiev the first East Slavic state which experts conditionally call the Kiev principality Askolda.
It is possible to allocate the following main stages of process of association of east Slavs to one state:
a) creation of the principality (state) with the capital in Kiev; rusa, northerners, dregovich, the polochena were a part of this state to a glade;
b) seizure of power in Kiev the Novgorod prince Oleg (882 g) under the power of whom there was a part of Slavic tribes before;

c) association of almost all East Slavic tribes to the uniform state Kievan Rus'.

First Slavic princes:
- the prince Ky (semi-legendary) is the leader of the union of tribes of glades, the founder of Kiev (on a legend, together with brothers Shchek, Horiv and the sister Lybedyyu in the 5-6th century);
- the prince Rurik - an annalistic mention of it in "The story of temporary years", is told calling in 862 g by Novgorodians of "Varangians" of Rurik with army;.
- princes Askold and Deere conquered Kiev in the second half of the 9th century, according to annalistic data Askold and Deere were boyars of the prince Rurik;
- after the death of the Novgorod prince Rurik (879 g) to majority of his son Igor Oleg became the actual governor of the Novgorod earth;
- in 882 Oleg took Kiev, the Kiev brothers Askold and Deere were on his order killed; the beginning of board in Kiev dynasties of Ryurik dynasty; many researchers consider the prince Oleg the direct founder of Kievan Rus'.
Economic development of Kievan Rus'. The leading place in economy of the Kiev state was taken by agriculture which developed according to an environment. In a forest-steppe zone of Kievan Rus' the fire-podsechnaya system of processing of the earth, and in steppe refalse was applied. Farmers used perfect instruments of labor: a plow, harrows, shovels, braids, sickles, they sowed cereals and commercial crops. Considerable development was reached by cattle breeding. Hunting, fishery, a bortnichestvo kept the value.
Originally in the Old Russian state land tenure of free community members prevailed, and from 11th century feudal land tenure - an ancestral lands which was descended gradually is formed and amplifies. The important place in economy of Kievan Rus' was taken by craft. From now on over 60 types of craft specialties are known. Through the Old Russian state trade ways lay: for example, "from the Varangian in Greeks", connecting Russia to Scandinavia and the countries of the Black Sea basin. In Kievan Rus' stamping of coins - silversmiths and zlotnik was begun. The number of the cities - from 20 (the 9-10th centuries), 32 (11th century) to 300 grew in the Russian state (13th century).

c) association of almost all East Slavic tribes to the uniform state Kievan Rus'.

Vladimir Havkin is an outstanding microbiologist who the first invented a vaccine against cholera and plague

Vladimir Aronovich Havkin was born in 1860 in Berdyansk. Since the childhood at the boy tendency to natural sciences was shown. After the termination of the Berdyansk gymnasium, Vladimir entered the Odessa university. The outstanding scientist-microbiologist Ilya Mechnikov under the influence of whom Vladimir Havkin became interested in zoology of protozoa was his teacher.

Havkin was very gifted and differed in improbable diligence, but at the same time he was a participant of the political organization which opposed the Jewish riots in Odessa. For participation in this political Havkin's union expelled from university twice and subjected to arrests.

In 1884 Vladimir Havkin graduated from the university external, defended the dissertation and received an academic degree of the candidate of zoology. Because of the Jewish origin the young scientist had no opportunity to conduct scientific research in the homeland, and he decided to leave for abroad.

At first Vladimir Havkin went to Switzerland, and then to Lausanne where entered a position of the privatdozent of the Lausanne university. In 1889 Vladimir left to Paris. The outstanding scientist-microbiologist Ilya Mechnikov helped to find to him work of the librarian, and then a position of the research associate in world famous Pasterovsky institute. At that time Louis Pasteur already created vaccines against rage and anthrax.

At the end of the 19th century in the world deadly diseases stormed: cholera and plague. Vladimir Havkin was fond of development of an anticholera vaccine and set for himself the big object - to find a way of rescue of mankind from this serious illness. He made experiments on guinea pigs and rabbits, entering it microbes of diseases to calculate a dose, necessary for prevention. By 1892 Vladimir Havkin managed to create the first effective vaccine against cholera and proved in himself its safety for the person.

However the French authorities didn't hurry to enter the vaccine invented by the foreigner and the Russian Empire was indifferent to opening of the scientist too. And here the British government became interested in opening and allowed Vladimir Havkin to test a vaccine in India where at this time cholera epidemic raged, took away hundreds of thousands of human lives.

1893 Vladimir Havkin went to Calcutta in the status of the state bacteriologist of the British crown. Very quickly in the tent town the scientist arranged production of the vaccine and mass vaccination of the population began. Havkin personally participated in vaccination more than 42 000 people. Cholera seemed and began to recede, mortality in the areas captured by cholera epidemic decreased in tens of times. Inoculations of a vaccine of Havkin became after that mass and are applied in the improved look still.

And the trouble - plague which epidemic struck in 1896 the second-large city of Bombay and its vicinities came for cholera to India even more terrible. From Calcutta Vladimir Havkin transferred the base to Bombay where in three months made an antiplague vaccine, and on January 10, 1897 was already influenced by it. Within several years the outstanding microbiologist directly participated in vaccination of the population.

In total in India more than 4 million people were vaccinated. The antiplague vaccine of Havkin gained distribution around the world. In forty years were imparted and more than thirty five million people were saved from death. The outstanding scientist was appointed the chief bacteriologist of India and the director of the Bombay antiplague laboratory. Later this laboratory was transformed to Havkin's Institute. The state mail of India released a stamp with a portrait of the outstanding scientist. In total Vladimir Havkin lived in India twenty two years.

In 1897 the Queen Victoria awarded Vladimir Havkin with one of the highest awards of the British Empire. The scientist from Berdyansk was elected by the honorary member of many scientific organizations and academies of the countries of Europe and Asia. In 1909 the Parisian academy noted an award a huge contribution of Havkin to development of medicine.

In 1915 Vladimir Havkin returned from India to Europe. In the second half of the 20th years he lodged in Lausanne, on the bank of Lake Geneva. In Lausanne Vladimir addressed belief of parents and began to visit a synagogue. In the fall 1927 visited Odessa. One year prior to death Havkin bequeathed 500000 dollars on creation of fund for promotion of young talents at the Jewish religious schools of Eastern Europe. Vladimir Havkin's fund exists still.

The outstanding scientist from Berdyansk died in 1930 in Lausanne, Switzerland. In India Havkin's death became in the afternoon ​​ deep national mourning. It was the real genius who could resist to fatal diseases and saved mankind from cholera and plague.

source - http://www.discoverukraine.com.ua

Legend of the name of the city of Mukachevo

Once long ago, on the place where the Transcarpathian city of Mukachevo was located, the foreign prince lodged with the army. On the picturesque plain of the Danube valley, among mountains, he ordered to construct unapproachable the lock fortress.

Construction of the lock was difficult and continuous, people hard worked that to construct it. They had to carry carts and hands to carry the earth to fill the high mountain for a fortress construction. The prince was very tough to people who worked over construction. Thousand days filled the castle mountain until it reached the necessary height which the prince wanted. And then at top of the mountain constructed the lock - strong, unapproachable fortress. All this costed to people many tears, bloody sweat, heavy sufferings and torments. Therefore people called the city of Mukachevo.

www.discoverukraine.com.ua source

What is meant by flowers and tapes in the Ukrainian wreath

Each floret and tape in the Ukrainian wreath has the value, the wreath is not only beauty, but also preserved

The nimbus weaved out of florets and herbs, decorated with bright tapes - one of the most ancient Ukrainian symbols. In one wreath there could be about 12 various flowers. Each flower or a blade meant that: a rose - love; a white lily - a symbol of purity and innocence; a cornflower - simplicity and modesty; squeal - independence; a call field - gratitude; monasteries - success, glory; a hollyhock - beauty, coldness; a peony - longevity; a camomile - the world, tenderness; an immortelle - health; a guelder-rose - a symbol of maiden beauty, a symbol of Ukraine.

Ukrainian wreath
The wreath was decorated surely with tapes of different flowers. Tapes measured on braid length, cut below a braid that to hide it. Most on the center knitted light brown - a symbol of the earth on both sides of which yellow - a symbol of the sun; behind them - light green and dark green - beauty and youth; blue and blue - the sky and water, give force and health. Further went orange - a bread symbol, violet - wisdom, crimson - warm-heartedness and sincerity, pink - abundance. White interwove only when its ends were embroidered by silver and gold (on left - the sun, on right - month). Not embroidered a tape it isn't connected, it was the symbol of memory of the dead. Girls, interwove in веночек poppy, tied up to it a red tape - a symbol of grief and a magichnost.
The orphan interwove into the spit and into a wreath blue tapes. And people at a meeting presented such ​​ the girl with gifts, bread, money, wished it to become happy and rich. The girl in gratitude gave to those people a tape from a wreath.

In Ukraine wreaths had solar symbolics. The girl in a wreath was associated with a rising sun. Also the nimbus is a symbol of glory, a victory, sanctity, success, power, the world, the sun, the power. And the nimbus meant chastity and maiden youth.


http://www.discoverukraine.com.ua source

Famine-Genocide of 1932-1933. not for the faint-hearted!!!

Today Ukraine and the world remember the victims of the Holodomor of 1932-1933 - genocide of the Ukrainian people organized by the mode of the Soviet Union. Today, in memory of millions of the dead there will take place processions worldwide. The stock "Light a Candle" which became to traditional will begin at 16:00 on the Kiev time. At 19:32 the country will observe a minute of silence the victims.

The mass hunger which captured all territory of the Ukrainian SSR in 1932 — 1933, being a part of the general hunger to the USSR 1932 — 1933 which entailed considerable loss of human life which peak fell on the first half of 1933 and also, according to supporters of the theory of deliberate nature of hunger against only Ukrainians, being genocide of the Ukrainian people. According to the last estimates published in 2015 by Institute of history of Ukraine and supported by a number of specialists historians of the western scientific centers, demographic losses for hunger of 1932 — 1933 in the territory of the Ukrainian SSR made 3,9 million people as a result of supermortality (excess of the actual number of death in comparison with a settlement indicator for usual conditions), and also 0,6 million people due to decrease in the number of the been born children connected with hunger consequences.

In Ukraine the idea is widespread that hunger of 1932 — 1933 was a consequence anti-Ukrainian, consciously genocidal, politicians of Moscow, got including into scientific community. At the same time it is suppressed that in just the population of the North Caucasus, the Volga region, Kazakhstan and other areas as hunger at that moment reigned on huge spaces fell into the same state and died a set both Ukrainians, and Russians, Kazakhs and people of other nationality. Indirectly, that the United Nations was guided by such reasons, the fact that in 2008 the world community didn't admit the fact of genocide of the Ukrainian people demonstrates. (The USA and Great Britain voted for such recognition, but they appeared in minority).

According to the report of the International conference "Historical and Political Problem of Mass Hunger in the USSR of the 30th Years" (2008, Moscow):

It isn't enough to tell that any document confirming the concept "Famine-Genocide genocide" in Ukraine or at least a hint in documents on ethnic motives of the incident including in Ukraine isn't found. All document file demonstrates that the enemy not on an ethnic sign, and by sign class [28] was the main enemy of the Soviet power at that time.
At the same time it should be noted that the Holodomor is officially recognized by the act of genocide by 14 states (the USA, Estonia, Australia, Canada, Hungary, Lithuania, Georgia, Poland, Peru, Paraguay, Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico and Latvia) that makes 7% of total number of the countries of members of the UN. Memory of the victims of the Holodomor was officially honored by 5 more countries (Argentina, Spain, Chile, Slovakia and Russia), in Russia designation of "memory of the victims of mass hunger of 1932 — 1933" is applied

five terrible facts about genocide

1. Death toll

It isn't possible to count the exact number of the victims. Experts and historians say that in the majority contemporary records about the dead during this period of time in Ukraine were or are destroyed in the USSR, or forged - in large quantities attributed to the dead as a result of hunger in passionals death from cardiac diseases, or from any other, not connected with organism exhaustion.
The Ukrainian historians give different numbers of the victims of the Holodomor. At the same time it is accepted to consider also the potential number of not been born Ukrainians. In this case the figure reaches 12 million people. Directly during 1932-1933 from 4 to 8 million people died. So, for example, the historian Yury Shapoval and his colleague Stanislav Kulchitsky in the publications speak about 4,5 million victims during this period. Historians emphasize: in peace 1932-33 of Ukrainians died more, than in World War II (about 5 million civilian population).
2. Protected and selected
Organizers and performers of massacre by hunger in 1932-1933 took away the harvest and a livestock necessary for survival from peasants historians note. Artificially created hunger was supported by blockade and isolation of territories in distress. Roads on which peasants tried to reach the cities were blocked. Paramilitary forces surrounded settlements, detained or shot all who tried to be saved from starvation.

3. Hundreds of thousands of died children


In November of last year in Kiev several thousands of people held a procession to memory of the children who died starvation. Columns were ahead little Ukrainians with wheat cones in hands. Other participants of the action bore 500 not lit candles with black tapes, the symbolizing not past lifes. Organizers of a procession noted that Ukrainians aged from 6 months up to 17 years made about a half of all victims of the Holodomor.

4. Hundreds of streets with names of authors of the Holodomor
In January, 2010 the Court of Appeal of Kiev recognized seven Soviet heads as responsible for the organization of genocide of Ukrainians. Among them - the secretary general of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) of the Central Committee Stalin, the head of Council of People's Commissars of the USSR Molotov, secretaries of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) of the Central Committee Kaganovich and Postyshev, the secretary general of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine Kosior, his second secretary Hatayevich and the head of Council of People's Commissars of USSR Chubar.
Despite the court verdict still in Ukraine there are hundreds of streets bearing names of organizers of genocide. Any politician isn't made for denial of genocide responsible.
5. Famine-Genocide is thrown out from textbooks

The power continues to rewrite textbooks, reducing and throwing out from them this subject. According to polls, most of citizens of Ukraine - 59% - are convinced that the Holodomor was not just Stalin's crime, and genocide of the Ukrainian people. The president Yanukovych considers such opinion "unfair". Upon the demand of the Minister of Education Dmitry Tabachnyk from textbooks cleaned the term "genocide". The pro-Russian historians and politicians deny ethnic character of the Holodomor and insist that terror by hunger was directed against a social group hostile to the Soviet power - the peasantry.
Let's remind that the fact of politically organized Holodomor in Ukraine is admitted in more than hundred states of the world. The European Union called the Holodomor a crime against humanity. The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) called the Holodomor a crime of communist regime. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) called the Holodomor result of criminal acts and policy of totalitarian regime of Stalin. The United Nations (UN) defined the Holodomor as the national tragedy of the Ukrainian people.

A number of the states and churches recognized the Holodomor of 1932-1933 as genocide of the Ukrainian people. Among them - Catholic church, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow patriarchy, Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kiev patriarchy, and also the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church.

Schaktar - Konyaspor 4:0

Before a match

As well as Paulo Fonseca promised at a pre-game press conference, the list of Donetsk residents underwent rotation. Debuted for "Schaktar" goalkeeper Nikita Shevchenko, for the first time there was in an Eurocup duel Nikolay Matviyenko. Andrey Boryachuk got a role of the only forward.

First half

"Schaktar" quickly enough opened the account. In the 11th minute Bernard hung to the penalty area on Dentinyo, but that Bardakdzhi, a shoulder outstripped the scored goal in own gate. "Orange-black" long controlled a ball, using all width of the attack. Tyson and Bernard who were often changing a position in the field were especially active. Great Andrey Boryachuk opened. In the 31st minute partners brought him to gate of Konyaspor, but the run defender prevented to strike to the forward aim blow. Nevertheless the goal soon took place. Tyson in the 36th minute appeared one before the penalty area and gave on Dentinyo. The ninth number of "Miner" in a contact sent a ball to a far corner – 2:0. Before the break bring the account to large Tyson could. After a timely pass of Bernard it pushed a ball by the goalkeeper of guests, but the team the defender secured.

Second half

On the second half of a match Paulo Fonseca let out one more debutant – Vyacheslav Tankovsky. the 21-year-old midfielder replaced Victor Kovalenko. After a break the drawing of a game didn't change: "miners" continued to act on an opponent's half of the field actively. As for guests, they began to appear at Nikita Shevchenko's possession more often, but jokes didn't conceal their attacks. In the 64th minute Eduardo replaced Tyson. The Croat needed not enough time to cause a stir. In the 66th minute Darijo Srna from the right flank executed the standard, and Eduardo great played on the second floor, having sent a ball precisely to a corner – 3:0. Soon "orange-black" hammered again. Andrey Boryachuk brought to gate of Turks of Bernard, and that skillfully dealt with the goalkeeper – 4:0. In the 79th minute Paulo Fonseca executed the last replacement, having released instead of Andrey Boryachuk Taras Stepanenko. In time which remained to a final whistle Donetsk residents controlled the course of events and brought the matter to the another large victory. In this Eurocup season "Miner" on "Arena Lviv" didn't pass, in 5 won matches having scored 15 goals.

"Miners" met in the 5th round of a group stage of the Europa League with Turkish Konyaspor.

The Europa League – 2016/17. Group stage. 5th tour.

November 24, 2016. Lviv. "Lviv arena". 10 021 viewers. +2 degrees.

"Schaktar" (Donetsk, Ukraine) – Konyaspor (Konya, Turkey) – 4:0 (2:0)

Goals: 1:0 Bardakdzhi (11, and/g), 2:0 Dentinyo (36), 3:0 Eduardo (66), 4:0 Bernard (74)

"Schaktar": Shevchenko, Srna (k), Krivtsov, Ordets, Matviyenko, Kovalenko (Tankovsky, 46), Malyshev, Tyson (Eduardo, 64), Dentinyo, Bernard, Boryachuk (Stepanenko, 79)

Spare: Kanibolotsky, Kucher, Kobin, Marlos

Head coach: Paulo Fonseca

Konyaspor: Kyryntyla, Shakhiner, Ouch, Bardakdzhi, Usla, Mbamba, Fyndykla, Chamdala (k) (Fur, 16), Hadzhiakhmetovich, Chorus (Baich, 83), Milosevic (Senmez, 63)

Spare: Tarakdzhi, Douglas, Ali Turan, Rangelov

Head coach: Aykut Kodzhaman

Preventions: Boryachuk (12), Kovalenko (28), Srna (37), Stepanenko (86)

Arbitrator: Kevin Clancy (Scotland)

Zorya - Fenerbahçe

The Zorya conceded to Fenerbahçe and left the Europa League

Having missed two balls from Turks in the second half of a meeting, Yury Verniduba's wards for a tour until the end of a group stage lose any chances of continuation of fight in the Europa League (0:2).

The start of a match was marked by frequent violations of the rules from both collectives — the chief arbitrator had to get once the device to record this or that foul from football players of Fenerbahçe and Zari. In the tenth minute of a game to use Demirel's mistake and as a result — to output the command forward, Vladislav Kulach could, however the timely tackle outside own penalty area performed by the goalkeeper of the home team prevented the forward Zari to open the account in this duel. Turks answered with an episode from Sousa — after giving with angular from Potuk, центрхав Fenera punched the head from the region of an eleven-meter mark over a crossbeam of possession of Shevchenko. Then, the chance to bring the home team forward, missed Emenike who punched from 23 meters poorly and as a result — very much not precisely. And here give a pass in this situation on the running partner, it was much more dangerous...

In the 21st minute, comes forward the Dawn — Karavayev, after giving from the left flank could, punched the head from the line of the shooting area over a crossbeam. Is slightly later, namely in the middle of a time, both collectives exchanged rather dangerous moments — at first the same Karavayev's shot from the penalty line was blocked by redoubts of Fenerbahçe, and then Sou and Topal tried to upset the guard of gate Zari — nevertheless, the shot of the first was inexact, and the attempt of the second, had straight in players of the Luhansk team. In the 28th minute, there was very disputable episode — Kulach, having received a pass from the partner, struck at a short distance gate of Turks, however lifted second before a tag from a side laynsmen, recorded at the forward Zari very doubtful situation off side. Include the chief arbitrator this ball, and it is unknown how there would be this game farther, and so...

In the end of a time, namely in the 38th minute, Grechishkin could open the account in a match — the basic midfielder of Luhansk citizens punched since summer, from borders of the penalty area, slightly higher than a crossbeam of the Turkish gate. There were still chances the first 45 minutes of a game to cause a stir at Potuk and Sivakov, but their blows didn't pose special threat to goalkeepers — 0:0, with such account both collectives left on a break!
The second half began with save from Shevchenko — the keeper of guests finger-tips managed to take away threat from own possession after heading from rather short distance from Kyaer. Is slightly later, the episodes were "bungled" by Shen and Ozbayrakli — Volkan punched from the penalty line very much not precisely, and the attempt performed by extreme Beck Fener developed into single blow from seven meters — after a cool combination, a ball foully, at the latest moment, fell down from a leg of the football player of the home team, having given thus Zareh chance to pull out so necessary and long-awaited Victoria.

Luhansk citizens, without having estimated such gift from the opponent, as a result after all missed — Stokh who came for replacement, in the 59th minute, decided on a distant shot — and as it appeared some moment later — didn't lose, the Slovak legionary Fenera got actually from 30 meters precisely into the Dawn gate corner. 1:0, and guests needed to hammer already a minimum twice now — on such game, it after all was very extremely difficult to be made, very much. In the 67th minute, all questions concerning the Dawn future, namely — a departure from the Europa League, were predetermined by a goal performed by Kyaer — the central oboronets of Fenerbahçe successfully closed the head transfer with angular from Alper Potuk. The end of a meeting passed from dictation of Dick Advocaat's wards — his team skillfully held a ball, without giving Zareh even of a hint on scoring at least a prestige goal. In time added by the arbitrator, Turks could bring the matter to defeat, however magnificent save from Shevchenko who reflected blow from couple of meters performed by Potuk prevented the Turkish grandee to undersign for the third time for gate of Luhansk citizens. Football players of the Dawn ten together — Eduard Sobol finished this duel, having shown nobody unnecessary nerves, hit the rival on legs for what received from the judge the second yellow, and behind it and automatically — a red card.

Fenerbahçe — Zorya 2:0
Goals: Stokh, 59, Kyaer, 67

Fenerbahçe: Demirel — Ozbayrakla, Skrtel, Kyaer, Kaldirim — Sousa, Potuk, Topal – Emenike (Stokh, 46), Sou (Wuchang, 86), Shen (Noyshtedter, 73)

Dawn: Shevchenko – Kamenyuka (Opanasenko, 35), Sivakov, Forster, the Sable — Grechishkin, Tchaikovsky — Karavayev, Haratin, Petryak (Bonaventure, 57) – Kulach (Paulinyo, 68)

Preventions: Bonaventure, Sable

Removal: Sable, 90+2